How To Find Android UI Element Location with Appium Locator

想要順利找到App上每個元件的位置嗎?

除了要有一顆堅毅的心、健康的肝

你還需要知道如何用有效的方法(Locator)找到Android App上的每個UI 元件

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選擇Locator的原則

掌握這些要領, 你的Locator就會很強壯(importal)!!

1. 在當前操作頁面上是唯一的(unique), 不可重複
   
2. 少用容易變動的
   
3. 減少搜尋整個頁面的動作
   

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輔助工具

UI Automator viewer能在茫茫大海中為我們指引出方向

/Users/username_Name/Library/Android/sdk/tools/bin/uiautomatorviewer

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Appium 提供的Locator方法

• By ID
• By Accessibility ID
• By Name (Appium 1.5 以後不支援)
• By ClassName
• By Xpath

接著用一些簡單的例子介紹如何使用

By ID

driver.find_element_by_id("com.android.calculator2:id/digit_8")

By Accessibility ID

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id("plus").click()

By Name

Appium 1.5以後的版本不支援 ,
原因是Name 很容易因為語言而改變

driver.find_element_by_name("9")

By ClassName

使用ClassName的方式通常 會找到不只一個元件
我們會用find_elements來存成List做處理

driver.find_elements_by_class_name("android.widget.Button")

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等一下, 你是不是忘了還有一個...

我當然記得Xpath, 因為它很重要我單獨拉出來講

Xpath的各種組合方式

By XPath using class and text

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.Button[@text='del']")

By XPath using class and resource-id

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.Button[contains(@resource-id,'digit_5')]")

By XPath using class, text and resource-id

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.Button[contains(@resource-id,'digit_5') and @text='5']")

By XPath using class, text and resource-id

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.Button[contains(@resource-id,'digit_5') and @text='5']")

By XPath using class, text and index

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.Button[@text='5' and @index='4']")

By XPath using parent and child class hierarchy

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.LinearLayout[@index='0']/android.view.ViewGroup[@index='0']/android.widget.Button[@index='6']")

By XPath using content-desc

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.Button[@content-desc='delete']")

By XPath using class name

driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//android.widget.EditText")

By XPath using class and text

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.Button[@text='÷']")

By XPath using class name by level

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.LinearLayout/android.view.ViewGroup/android.widget.Button[5]")

靈活的運用以上這些方法, 並掌握原則
你就能快速地找出每個UI元件的路徑, 開發自動化腳本

Reference:

• Source: UI Automator Viewer : Get Android App Element's XPath, ID, Name And className